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Experiments on ammonium carbonate leachng of native copper ores crushed to 1inch size showed that in 30 days 55 percent of the copper was extracted from percent copper conglomeratetype ore, and 85 percent was extracted from percent copper amygdaloidtype ore.
The hydrometallurgical copper extraction processes of the present teachings generally including two steps: a conditioning or activating step using low concentrations of ammonia and ammonium in an aqueous solution; and an acid leaching step. The processes of the present teachings can be performed at low temperature, for example, at ambient temperature, and at atmospheric pressure.
Solvent extraction of copper from the copper leach solution obtained from the ammoniacal carbonate leaching of the Sarcheshmeh copper concentrate was carried out, and the performance of CP150, LIX984N, and Kelex100 as well as the effects of different parameters involved were investigated. According to the results obtained, the extraction kinetics of all the three extractants was fast.
malachite in ammonia ammonium carbonate l– eaching" Hydrometallurgy, vol. 76, issue 12, 2005,pp. 5562 [8] Chang chinJung and Liu, "Feasibility of copper leaching from an
Insitu leaching (ISL), also called insitu recovery (ISR) or solution mining, is a mining process used to recover minerals such as copper and uranium through boreholes drilled into a deposit, in situ leach works by artificially dissolving minerals occurring naturally in a solid state. For recovery of material occurring naturally in solution, see: Brine mining.
leaching, cementation, precipitation, and roasting. Flue dust was leached at room temperature with an alkaline solution of (NH4)2C03 and NHpH to solubilize ZnO and Zn metal. Some copper, lead, tin, and most of the zinc were dissolved in the leach step. Copper, lead, and tin were recovered in the cement product. The Zn in the flltrate was
The leaching solution is a mixture of ammonium carbonate and ammonium hydroxide and it is preferably carried out in the presence of an oxidizing gas, for example air or oxygen to oxidize cuprous ions into cupric ions. Further, depending on the potential pH diagram of CuNH 3H2O system, metallic copper can be easily oxidized in an ammonical ...
CHALCOPYRITE VERY SLOW LEACHING AZ of Copper Ore Leaching 5 LEACHABILITY OF COPPER MINERALS • Leachability in sulphuric acid solutions varies enormously (see Table 1). Orebodies frequently contain a mix of minerals, commonly varying with depth. • Oxide minerals also are amenable to ammonia/ammonium carbonate leaching –reduction
Additional Physical Format: Online version: Staker, (W. Lyman). Improved cupric ammonium carbonate leaching of copper scrap. [Washington, ] : Dept. of ...
In this work, the leaching kinetics of malachite in ammonium sulfate solutions was investigated, and metallic copper was recovered by the cementation method from the resulting actual leach solution. Copper (II) oxide was prepared by an isothermal oxidation method from the cement copper. In the leaching experiments, the effects of reaction tem
Probably, ammonium carbonate fulfils most if not all of the above requirements. The results derived from leaching experiments, using ammonium carbonate solutions and various experimental variables, on the copper flue dust are summarized in Table 2. From this series of experiments it can be deduced that under the various experimental
Dec 10, 2013· Ammonia and ammonium salts have been recognized as effective leaching agents in hydrometallurgical processes due to low toxicity and cost, easy recovery and high selective recovery of metals. New research findings on considerable advantages of leaching by these agents and elimination of problems associated with acid leaching have resulted in a new approach in the world to this method.
leaching of copper oxides containing malachite in ammonia/ammonium carbonate are the interface transfer and diffusion across the product layer with an activation energy of 15 kJ/mol. Copper dissolution from a malachite ore in ammonium nitrate solutions was reported by Ekmekyapar et al. (2012)tobea mixed kinetic model, including both surface ...
Ammonium sulfate byproduct is marketed as fertilizer. Other workers12 precipitated copper by adding ammonium bisulfite to CuSO4 solution. In another process13 14 it was suggested to add sodium bisulfite (or magnesium bisulfite) instead of ammonium sulfite, to the copper sulfate leach solution and heat to 80ºC to precipitate Chevreul''s salt ...
At optimum leaching conditions (ammonia/ammonium carbonate concentration ratio: 5M NH 4 OH + (NH 4) 2 CO 3, solid/liquid ratio: 1/10 g/m1, leaching times: 180 minutes, stirring speed: 350 ...
Sep 22, 2006· Less well known is the fact that ammonium carbonate extraction was used for the commercial recovery of zinc decades before its application to either copper or nickel. This article reviews the published data on the Schnabel Process (the hydrometallurgical extraction of zinc by ammonium carbonate) covering the period of 1880–2005.
The leaching kinetic data for cobalt from monometallic cobalt sulfide, showed that the process follows the surface reaction model similar to copper, with a steady activation energy of kJ/mol. In contrast to nickel, the leaching of cobalt from cobalt sulfide had a higher order with respect to ammonium carbonate of than with respect to ...
The leaching of oxide copper ore containing malachite, which is the unique copper mineral in the ore, by aqueous ammonia solution has been studied. The effect of leaching time, ammonium hydroxide, and ammonium carbonate concentration, pH, [NH 3 ]/[NH 4 + ] ratio, stirring speed, solid/liquid ratio, particle size, and temperature were investigated.
LEACHING OF METALS AFTER TREATMENT OF SLUDGE TO REMOVE COPPER AND NICKEL Residues from the twostage, ammoniumcarbonate leaching Experiments 35A and 35B, and for dried sludge, were analyzed as follows: Residue Residue Dried, Unleached 35B 36B Sludge Copper, percent Nickel, percent 0..70 Chromium, percent 32
Keywords: hydrometallurgy, hydroxyoximes, LIX, copper ore, copper concentrate Introduction Ammonia leaching is frequently used in hydrometallurgy for processing of oxide and sulfide ores, concentrates or byproducts, particularly those containing significant amounts of carbonate rocks, which during the acidic leaching contribute to increased
Jul 18, 2013· The general feasibility of ammoniacal percolation leaching of copper sulphide ores has been demonstrated. The rates are comparable to those of conventional ferric sulphatesulphuric acid systems, but without the attendant problems of carbonate or iron dissolution, For the ore column heights studied, the copper leaching rate increased approximately as the square root of the total NH 3 ...
The results of experiments on the pressure leaching of the initial copper concentrate in an ammonium/ammoniumcarbonate solution with oxygen as an oxidizing agent are .
The rate of copper leaching shows that the surface reaction model applies best to this system. The activation energy was kJ/mol at 25 °C and kJ/mol at 60 °C. The reaction order with respect to ammonia was and for ammonium carbonate it was The leaching kinetic data for cobalt from monometallic cobalt sulfide, showed that the
Leaching kinetics of lowgrade copper ore containing calciummagnesium carbonate in ammoniaammonium sulfate solution with persulfate LIU Zhixiong1, 2, YIN Zhoulan 1, HU Huiping1, CHEN Qiyuan1 1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central .
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